3. Fund Impact

In a city as complex and large as New York, GoVoteNYC's support for roughly a dozen organizations represents an admittedly small-scale effort to move the needle on voter turnout. Still, GoVoteNYC and its nonprofit partners are showing promising and tangible signs of impact that can inform the nature of future investments in GOTV efforts in NYC. 

At the end of its first two years, GoVoteNYC and its grantee partners have seen promising signs of impact, including:

  • Increased voter turnout among low-propensity voters contacted by grantee partners.

  • The development of new building blocks for a citywide civic engagement infrastructure.

  • Strengthened organizational capacity among GoVoteNYC nonprofit partners to engage In voter turnout activities. 

  • The development of new field learning opportunities related to voting, civic engagement, and electoral reform for both funders and nonprofit partners.

Increased Voter Turnout

GoVoteNYC nonprofit partners were able to increase voter participation among community members they contacted, reaching people who did not have a recent history of voting. 

2021

GoVoteNYC partners reached 2 million voters in eight languages, across more than two-thirds of Council Districts in 2021. During the June 2021 primaries, Black, Indigenous, and people of color (BIPOC) voters who were canvassed by GoVoteNYC nonprofit partners turned out at 37%, a much higher rate than BIPOC voters who were not canvassed -- 20%. Individual grantee partners also demonstrated an impact on voter turnout, some of which are highlighted here: 

  • People who pledged to vote with United Neighborhood Houses were almost twice as likely to vote when compared to average city turnout. 

  • Hispanic voters engaged by the Hispanic Federation voted at double the rate of overall Hispanic voter turnout.

  • Voters contacted by a coalition led by the Asian American Federation turned out at a 15-point higher rate compared to the rest of the city (40% versus 25%).

  • The work of MinKwon Center’s coalition contributed to a 60% increase in Asian-American primary voters in the eight communities they targeted.

GoVoteNYC nonprofit partners also successfully targeted people who had not been voting. Sixty-one percent of people contacted by the Hispanic Federation had not voted in the last three primaries. Seventy-one percent of voters contacted by the Asian American Federation did not have a recent history of voting.

2022

The Fund’s 2022 cohort contacted 1.8 million voters across five boroughs, in 40 neighborhoods, and in all but one of 51 City Council Districts. Areas of particular focus included Flushing, Far Rockaway, Astoria, and Richmond Hill in Queens; parts of the Bronx, especially the South Bronx; Harlem and the Lower East Side/Chinatown in Manhattan; and Sunset Park, Red Hook, Bedford-Stuyvesant, Brownsville, and Williamsburg in Brooklyn.


College & Community Fellowship, a newcomer to voter engagement, expanded its training for formerly incarcerated women to incorporate civics education and voter engagement; 12 women graduated from a three-month civics course and were then trained to use relational outreach tools, eventually reaching close to 1,500 potential voters.

Grantee partners utilized text, phone, and mail to reach voters, in 13 languages: Arabic, Bangla, Cantonese, English, Haitian Creole, Hindi, Korean, Mandarin, Nepali, Punjabi, Russian, Tagalog, and Urdu. Like in 2021, they also hosted or collaborated on in-person voter education events such as festivals, civic workshops, tabling at parks, community meetings, and food pantries with faith institutions, public housing tenant associations, and small businesses.

All GoVoteNYC grantee partners used the Voter Activation Network (VAN) -- software used by campaigns and organizations to contact voters and record progress—with the assistance of the Civic Engagement Table. Nonprofit partners’ impact on voter turnout was measured against voter turnout from all the voters in the VAN system, otherwise referred to as the VAN universe. 

Across the June and August primaries, as well as the general election in November, voters in the VAN universe who were canvassed by GoVoteNYC grantee partners had a higher turnout than the overall VAN universe average despite having lower vote propensity scores. Moreover, BIPOC voters canvassed by GoVoteNYC groups turned out at higher rates in all three elections. 

GoVoteNYC partners demonstrated the strongest success using relational voter outreach methods with friends, family, and constituents, which resulted in the highest turnout amongst canvassed voters in the November general election (42%) when compared to text (31%), door-knocking (33%), and phone (27%) tactics. 

To get additional information about the efficacy of voter outreach strategies, GoVoteNYC worked with Columbia University professor Don Green to conduct a series of experiments, comparing turnout rates by a control group and a random sample of voters contacted via text and phone by nonprofit partners. The experiments re-affirmed the waning effects of mass text and phone outreach compared to relational organizing strategies.

"We know those face-to-face conversations are higher quality conversations, and sometimes that means that there's lower quantity.

When we're looking at the scale of work, [let's make sure] that we're not letting the scale draw away from what the quality of that impact is. If there's a lower scale but higher quality impact, that can be more valuable.”

- Nonprofit Partner

Successful GOTV Strategies

How did GoVoteNYC nonprofit partners contribute to higher voter turnout among the people they contacted? As research shows, there is no one-size-fits all approach. Rather, it is a mix of approaches that ultimately result in desired outcomes. GoVoteNYC nonprofit partners found the following strategies to be effective in their work:

Relational outreach, rather than one-off, transactional GOTV events. This aligns with research showing the value of using trusted messengers and more relational approaches to voter engagement. Nonprofit partners lifted up the importance of educating communities about how government operates, explaining the ins and outs of the electoral process, and understanding the issues that their communities care about and using those as an entry point for conversation, rather than the more transactional approach of simply asking people to vote. Trusted messengers are also key for turning out communities that are ignored by parties and candidates. According to NYCET’s findings and other research, although relational tactics are not scalable in the way that cold-call volume outreach is, they are an effective method of nonpartisan voter outreach. 

Voter turnout work embedded into existing programming, building on longstanding relationships. Nonprofit partners such as the United Neighborhood Houses found that by systematically integrating education around voting and its importance into regular programming across an organization, more people are reached every year, and that turnout efforts are sustained on an annual basis.

Varied outreach methods, employing multiple, reinforcing touchpoints. Nonprofit partners used a diverse set of outreach strategies to ensure that voting messages stuck. For example, one nonprofit partner stressed the importance of repeating information in different ways in different venues – for example, hearing a consistent message from a community PSA, face-to-face from a trusted messenger, and again at a community cultural event. 

Language-specific and culturally responsive outreach. Nonprofit partners were thoughtful about how to reach people in culturally resonant ways, conducting outreach in 13 different languages and on platforms used by specific immigrant communities (e.g., WhatsApp, WeChat, KakaoTalk). Voter festivals and other voting events included cultural performances for families so that people would be motivated. Other organizations integrated inter-generational outreach strategies, given the prevalence of multi-generational households in their community.  

Nonprofit partners noted the care, resources, and attention required to ensure culturally and linguistically specific outreach. One nonprofit partner highlighted the distinction between translation and transcreation, and the desire to provide more voter engagement materials created in a particular language instead of being translated from English, allowing for more culturally responsiveness.

GOTV Challenges

Declining effectiveness of digital and virtual outreach. Nonprofit partners have seen reduced effectiveness given the large volume of messages people receive. NYCET worked with some partners to use REACH, a new tool that targets existing contacts, including friends and family, via digital means -- an approach that combines relational and digital organizing and has yielded positive early results.

Learning curve related to technology tools. The use of digital outreach requires staff and volunteers to be trained and to feel comfortable navigating these tools, which posed a challenge for some groups.  

Difficulty recruiting volunteers, particularly for virtual phone banking work. NYCET reported that nonprofit partners struggled to recruit volunteers for voter outreach during the 2022 election cycle. Although there are volunteers who want to support GOTV efforts, some nonprofit partners noted that working in isolation at home can feel mundane and demoralizing. Bringing groups of people together for phone banking seemed to be more effective, as it made the activity more social and more motivating. To this end, NYCET hosted five phonebanks.

Difficulty procuring high-quality translation services. Some nonprofit partners were serving new communities and did not have easy access to translation services. Even organizations with longstanding work in immigrant communities sometimes found it difficult to get materials translated at the level of quality they wanted. 

Hesitancy to share personal information. Although many organizations effectively used pledge cards in their outreach, some nonprofit partners found that potential voters were sometimes hesitant to engage with pledge cards and other outreach efforts that required them to share their information, perhaps out of concern about how that information would be used. 

Building Blocks for Citywide Civic Engagement Infrastructure

GoVoteNYC funding helped nonprofit partners build fruitful connections with other organizations, laying the groundwork for a strengthened infrastructure for civic engagement in the city.

Across the board, nonprofit partners said cohort meetings (facilitated by the New York Civic Engagement Table) helped them forge connections with other groups in an otherwise siloed civic engagement landscape. Nonprofit partners described these connections as “valuable” and “highly beneficial.” These connections regularly extended beyond cohort meetings, and included speaking at one another’s events, partnering on phone banking, and sharing strategies. 

One nonprofit partner noted, “I think a lot of us do this work in a vacuum, so we're not sure about what other organizations are doing and how they're leading this work. So I think it's played a really great role in bringing us all together and helping us understand how each organization is making a difference.” 

Even larger, well-connected organizations said they met new partners and benefited from shared conversations. One nonprofit partner stated, “I [felt] I would know a lot of these groups [already], but it was so helpful hearing the questions that other people in the cohort had… I've been thinking about this stuff by myself for too long, and it's really nice to think about it with other people.” 

Because the GoVoteNYC cohort is relatively small, there is still much work to be done citywide to strengthen the overall infrastructure for civic engagement, but nonprofit partners and donors both observed tangible shifts in collaboration and synergy. 

Strengthened Organizational Capacity and Field Learning

GoVoteNYC funding increased organizational capacity for civic engagement among grantee partners, particularly through the hiring of new staff. 

Nonprofit partners stressed how increased staffing was a game changer for them. The idiosyncratic intricacies of both the 2021 and 2022 local election cycles required considerable labor for organizations. The flexible nature of GoVoteNYC funding helped organizations increase their staff capacity. Eight of 10 partners in 2022 said they were able to hire new staff, bring on canvassers, or train volunteers, community members, and interns. Examples of how organizations added to their staff capacity include the following:

  • MinKwon brought on an extra staffer to support GOTV efforts. 

  • The New York Civic Engagement Table hired a consultant to support nonprofit partners and expand its data team. The consultant/coordinator enabled NYCET to have more in-depth conversations with nonprofit partners about different tactics and measuring progress toward goals.

  • The Hispanic Federation hired a civic engagement director as well as paid canvassers.

  • Faith in NY promoted a canvasser to a new role as Community Ambassador and hired two paid canvassers to support tabling and other events.

  • College & Community Fellowship (CCF) sent flyers to partners and went through an extensive process of recruiting women who were curious about voting and civic engagement, laying the groundwork for a new initiative called Bronx Redefining Advocates for Civic Engagement (BRACE). 

  • El Puente hired a Civic Engagement Coordinator, whose role was solely focused on voter and civic engagement-related activities. 

GoVoteNYC funding allowed grantee partners to expand their outreach efforts and reach previously underserved communities. 

For example, one nonprofit partner noted that funding allowed them to focus more specifically on the Latinx community, a community that they had not previously targeted in outreach efforts. Several groups mentioned the value of being able to use funds to print physical materials for distribution, translated in multiple languages, allowing them to expand their reach. While the city’s public libraries were already engaged in GOTV efforts, GoVoteNYC funding helped ensure that their resources were accessed by many New Yorkers via an intensive marketing campaign. For other organizations, funding helped support an expansion of in-person events, such as voter festivals.

Capacity-building and technical assistance support from the New York Civic Engagement Table helped organizations utilize data and incorporate new tools to inform their GOTV strategies. 

Almost all nonprofit partners found cohort and 1-1 support from the New York Civic Engagement Table helpful in their work. Nonprofit partners specified the following benefits of engaging with NYCET:

  • Developing and managing lists of relevant voter contacts, providing other data, and contextualizing hyperlocal and citywide data.

  • Supporting text banks and phone banks.

  • Training in voter engagement tools, such as VAN, and other platforms.

  • Serving as a thought partner in developing GOTV strategies.

  • Providing support for volunteer recruitment and training.

One nonprofit partner shared, “They go above and beyond. They not only put together campaigns, but I also spent a lot of time combing through data with them. For the report we did last year, they were with us from the start looking at the numbers and helping us clean them up. I met with them on a weekly basis, especially during GOTV season.” 

The Asian American Federation described how one of their coalition members requested information about Filipino voters. Through NYCET, they found that less than 17% of eligible Filipino voters were registered, a data point that helped the member organization sharpen its outreach and messaging efforts.

Technical assistance from F.Y.Eye and Hester Street Collaborative in 2021 also proved valuable, but was not fully utilized. 

Hester Street created the interactive Atlas: Vote NYC Map to help GoVoteNYC grantee partners and other community-based organizations, civic institutions, and government groups in their GOTV work. The tool allows organizations to visualize demographic data, voter registration information, polling locations, and community assets, allowing them to target their GOTV outreach efforts. Hester Street also trained nonprofit partners in utilizing this tool and held peer-learning convenings and “office hours.”

As one organization shared, the map allowed them to see which portions of their catchment area lagged in turnout, adding that the map and the team were an ongoing resource. “Our staff met several times to learn more about how to incorporate it into our civic outreach. We appreciated that they continued to update the map with data points we recommended over the past year.” 

However, the timing of the 2021 grants, which were distributed close to the June primary, prevented some nonprofit partners from taking full advantage of Hester Street’s map and technical assistance, which only became available a couple of weeks before the June primary. 

F.Y.Eye worked with GoVoteNYC nonprofit partners to develop ranked choice voting educational materials which were disseminated throughout the city. In collaboration with 18 organizations, F.Y.Eye created 43 PSAs in five languages, resulting in 79 million impressions from bus shelters, ATMs, LinkNYC kiosks, taxi tops, ethnic media, storefront posters in target neighborhoods, and other placements. PSAs were made available to all GoVoteNYC nonprofit partners and other organizations doing GOTV work through the Voting PSA Clearinghouse—a free, open-source toolkit co-created with the Hispanic Federation. 

Funding helped build the capacity of hyper-grassroots organizations.

Some GoVoteNYC nonprofit partners, such as the Asian American Federation, awarded subgrants ranging from $5,000 to $10,000 to organizations they were in coalition with for their GOTV work, allowing these groups to hold events, hire canvassers, etc. Organizations receiving sub-grants were often quite small but also closer to the ground, with important insights on what areas need more outreach or how to develop scripts or materials to reach a particular area or community. Subgrants helped these organizations build their capacity for GOTV work, while ensuring that grant funding reached communities that might have otherwise been overlooked.

For example, South Queen’s Women’s March received a subgrant from the Asian American Federation. The group, formed in late 2019 by a group of women seeking to address violence in their communities, went from a group of people getting together in one another’s living room to holding town halls and engaging in voter education in increasingly sophisticated ways. 

One funder familiar with the group’s trajectory believes the GoVoteNYC subgrant helped the group strengthen its work, “We’re seeing organizations that have smaller budgets have quite a lot of reach because they're partnering with other organizations, they're learning these strategies for…civic engagement and voter engagement. And that feels visible…to track that progress in just a year.”

Nonprofit partners and donor members found GoVoteNYC’s webinar series to be informative and interesting, exposing attendees to new ideas and developments in the civic engagement landscape. 

Grantee partners and donor members alike lauded the series of webinars on important topics and trends related to voting. Many nonprofit partners said they appreciated getting a birds eye view of the civic engagement and voting landscape, including what was happening statewide and how New York State and New York City compare to other places in the US. Nonprofit partners reported that exposure to the broader landscape helped them be more thoughtful and strategic about their own work. 

Several nonprofit partners appreciated the focus of recent webinars on election reforms and issues that touch on policy and advocacy more broadly, given the connections they saw or hoped to pursue in their own work. One nonprofit partner asserted, “I’m very happy to see they’ve organized a few panels on election reform…because I think policy work to accompany this groundwork and organizing work is essential.”

Several interviewees highlighted the webinar on open primaries as especially interesting, with one sharing, “That’s something that I’ve never seen actively discussed in the New York landscape.” Another attendee shared that the webinar offered important value to citywide civic engagement conversations, “If the GoVoteNYC collaborative hadn't hosted that, I don't know what other venue would have.” 

Likewise, donor members felt these public conversations gave them fresh perspectives on issues related to voting and that they provided valuable information to share with foundation colleagues. Several donor members singled out the presentation from the Hispanic Federation as an especially valuable learning opportunity. One funder stated, “[The presentation] really resonated with me as ‘here's a great example of what this work looks like and what success in this work looks like.’ It felt like we got an inside look in the way that it's hard to get from a written report necessarily.” 

Nonprofit partners and donor members not only valued webinars for their content, but also felt they were a good way to bring people together to share data and new ideas, contributing to a growing infrastructure for civic engagement in the city. 

Donor members appreciated quarterly updates and resources. 

Many donor members expressed appreciation for the quarterly emails sent by former GoVoteNYC director Laura Hansen with updates and links to relevant resources. Donors appreciated the curation, given that they are often overloaded with information, and said it was a tangible resource to share with their colleagues to ensure that GoVoteNYC stayed on everyone’s radar. 

Regranting

Twenty percent of the Fund’s 2022 grant dollars were regranted in micro-grants of $5,000 to $10,000 to smaller organizations active in the coalitions led by Asian American Federation, MinKwon Center, New York Immigration Coalition, and Northwest Bronx Community & Clergy Coalition; these groups also provided extensive indirect resources and support systems to their partners – e.g., social media toolkits, translation services, event permitting, election guides, PPE equipment, and tablets and QR codes for collecting voter pledges.  

United Neighborhood Houses (UNH) trained 47 staff from 20 settlement houses (which collectively serve approximately 200,000 New Yorkers annually), provided ongoing technical assistance to at least one staffer per settlement house, and provided mini grants for extra activities to the settlement house staff who self-selected to participate in voter engagement.